Block of contents 1: Philosophy

PHILOSOPHYCAL GLOSSARY

1.- PHILOSOPHY: literally "love of wisdom"is the study of fundamental problems concerning matters such as existence, knowledge, values, reason, mind, and language.

2.- MYTH: symbolic narrative of how the world began, how was the origin of natural phenomena

3.- LOGOS: Order, knowledge, reason (term of Heraclitus)

4.- KNOWLEDGE: awareness or understanding of someone or something, such as facts, information…

5.- OPINION:  is a judgment, viewpoint, or statement that is not conclusive.

6.- ABSTRACT vs. CONCRETE/SPECIFIC : Abstract and concrete are classifications that denote whether a term describes an object with a physical referent or one with no physical referents. An abstract object is an object which does not exist at any particular time or place, but rather exists as a type of thing, i.e., an idea

7.- REASON:  is the capacity for consciously making sense of things, applying logic, establishing and verifying facts, and changing or justifying practices, institutions, and beliefs based on new or existing information

8.- SENSE: A sense is a physiological capacity of organisms that provides data for perception. Humans have a multitude of senses. Sight, hearing, taste, smell, and touch. //  Common sense is a basic ability to perceive, understand and judge things, which is shared by nearly all people

9.- ARCHÉ: is a Greek word that means "beginning“ or  "origin“. It was first  used by Anaximander

10.- CAUSE: is the relationship between one event and another.

11.- MONISM: philosophical view that a variety of existing things can be explained in terms of a single reality or substance

12.- DUALISM: Moral dualism is the belief of the great complement or conflict between the benevolent and the malevolent

13.- PLURALISM: a doctrine according to which many rather than one (monism) or two (dualism) basic substances make up reality

14.- SUBSTANCE: an ontological theory positing that a substance is distinct from its properties

15.- PREJUDICE: is prejudgement or forming an opinion before becoming aware of the relevant facts of a case